Student 1 initial post

Environmental issues span larger geographic areas but are sometimes left to the local level to address. Because of this, it is important to make sure that we prioritize protections for people across borders. At the local level, we can educate the communities about ozone pollution and what contributes to it. Since transportation is largely responsible, we can talk about lowering pollution from vehicles. This could be through encouraging the use of public transportation, encouraging the use of green transportation like biking or walking, or carpooling with friends. Doing these things would help decrease the pollution from transportation at the local level.

It is also important to make sure that at the national level we are being mindful of these things as well. For example, we could try and expand the use of electric or hybrid trucks for long-range transport. Public transportation services could also transition to hybrid or electric. We could also enact a law restricting the use of diesel in transportation. To help incentivize the switch, there could be a subsidy for companies that switch to hybrid or electric vehicles over diesel. If possible, we could have filters on long-range transport to prevent/lower their emissions.

Student 2 initial post
There are ways that local laws can impact long range transport, and thus impact ozone levels. One example is that a port is required to refuse any vessels that are not in compliance with certain environmental regulations. This is a way to force the behaviors of foreign transporters- they cannot ship goods into a certain port without compliance. Another example would be airports prioritizing flights with lower gas emissions, thus forcing airlines to rethink their environmental policies if they still want to offer similar flight routes.
Of course these types of laws could have downstream consequences. Importers could take their business to other ports, and airline companies could cancel air routes all together. There would need to be programs in place to support these industries (airports or shipping ports) to overcome these losses and continue their programs. Eventually, the net losses would equilibrate as more and more airports or ports take on the same policies, and companies have no where else to turn.

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Writing Assignment M4

The memo from the warden is unmistakably clear:
All fighting, assaults, confrontations, loud arguments, and other contentious interactions between inmates are to be reported in writing at the end of each shift. Participants are to be placed in administrative segregation for not less than forty-eight hours; work assignments are to be changed to less desirable ones; and letters describing each incident will be placed in the inmates file and with the parole examiners file. There will be no exceptions.
The Warden
The policy clarification is in response to increasing violence within the institution that has resulted in the injury of seven inmates and two officers during the month of July alone. The memo is appropriate at this time because violence between inmates has escalated and needs to be curbed. It supports the staff because increased violence puts everyone at risk. You are happy that individual discretion has been removed; inmates cant blame you if they are put on report. The warden has mandated that a penalty is required, and you have no choice.
You are assigned to a dormitory unit that houses prison aides. Prison aides work irregular shifts, night shifts, or in the hospital; consequently, these inmates are often on call. They are presumed to be more trustworthy, which is why they are housed in the dormitory and have more flexible hours. Several of the inmates in this dormitory have administrative duties; one of them, Browning, probably typed the wardens memo on fighting.
You are working the graveyard shift, 11:00 pm to 7:00 am. On Tuesday, shortly after midnight, you hear a disturbance and run immediately to the dormitory. From the corridor you turn on the overhead dorm lights. Inside, two inmates are crouched, ready for combat, on opposite sides of a single bed. Both are armed with sharp objects and are slashing at each other as they move from left to right around the bed. The rest of the inmates, though reluctant to get involved, have now seen you. They are divided, with one group enjoying the diversion and wanting the action to continue, and the other group wanting to settle the fight. The combatants are also aware of your presence but continue to circle and glare. You quickly run to the end of the narrow corridor and call for help.
Returning to the dorm, you find that the inmates have returned to their respective beds and all weapons have disappeared. The confrontation is over. One of the men involved is an aggressive homosexual and former weightlifter who is the head baker for the staff dining room. The other person involved is the head clerk for the chief of prison security. Both offenders are eligible for parole in a few months.
You meet your lieutenant outside the dormitory and report: Inmates Reynolds and Bernard were fighting, sir. They had weapons. Ill write up the report. The lieutenant ponders a moment. Well, come on over to the office and lets talk about it. As you approach the office, the lieutenant says, Look, Wyatt, you know nothing important happened. Lets not stick our necks out. Its hot. Arguments are bound to happen; its over now. If you report this, these guys will be denied parole, and itll mean grief for us all. You agree but point out the recent directive on violence from the warden. Well, do what you want, the lieutenant says, but I advise against it.
If you do not report the incident, you will satisfy your lieutenant, who is your immediate supervisor. But if the warden learns of your failure to report the fight, the lieutenant probably will neither back you nor admit that he advised you to violate the directive. The warden will more than likely hear of the incident since some of the inmates in the dormitory work for the administrative staff. Grapevine communication in the prison is quite active, and very little goes unnoticed. Also, the inmates who know of the directive will know that you deliberately violated a major policy. You worry about the example that sets and wonder if they will lose respect for you if you do not write up the incident. If you do write the report, it is sure to anger some of the inmates, particularly Browning, the clerk who types in the wardens office. Browning is the boyfriend of the weightlifter and would not want him to lose his job in the prison bakery. The civilian food-service manager will also be angry since he will have to train a new bakery chef.
You believe that rules are necessary if there is to be order in the prison. You believe that directives, if legal, should be obeyed consistently and with-out reservation. If a directive is inappropriate, you believe that it should be challenged openly in a reasonable way. But you also feel that you must try to get along with the people you work with. You are the man in the middle. No matter what you do, you will upset someone.
Respond to the following questions. At least 2 pages of text are required, double-spaced, standard font. If uploading a file, make sure it is in MS Word or Rich Text format. The system will not open Mac files.
1. What are your legal and ethical responsibilities?
2. The wardens new policy seems to be a good one, yet you stand to make a number of enemies if you proceed with the report. Should you make an exception in this case since no one got hurt? Discuss.
3. What if the same two inmates have another confrontation and one of them is seriously injured? Should you then be held responsible since you did not write up the initial incident? Explain.
4. What about the role of the COs supervisor who advised him to let it go? Should the supervisor also be held accountable for whatever might happen? Explain.